1. Participants at the meeting on July 10, 1924, were SG, Frank Morrison, Matthew Woll, Chester Wright of the AFL information and publicity service, and the members of the AFL Legislative Committee--Edward McGrady, W. C. Roberts, and Edgar Wallace.

2. The Republican candidates for president and vice-president in 1924 were Calvin Coolidge and Charles Dawes; the Democratic candidates were John Davis and Charles Bryan. The Republican convention renominated Coolidge by a wide margin and gave Robert La Follette, who also sought the Republican nomination, only thirty-four votes. Democrats chose Davis as a compromise candidate when their convention deadlocked between Alfred E. Smith and William McAdoo.

3. The Conference for Progressive Political Action (CPPA) was organized in Chicago, Feb. 20-21, 1922. The founding convention, attended by representatives from a broad range of progressive farmer, labor, and political organizations, was called by William Johnston of the Machinists, Timothy Healy of the Stationary Firemen, Edward Manion of the Railroad Telegraphers, Martin Ryan of the Railway Carmen, Lucius Sheppard of the Railway Conductors, and Warren Stone of the Locomotive Engineers. The CPPA's objective was to formulate a joint program of independent political action. It claimed substantial success in the 1922 congressional elections and in 1924 chose Robert La Follette and Burton Wheeler as its candidates for president and vice-president. Encouraged by the La Follette-Wheeler turnout that November (roughly 4.8 million votes or slightly less than 17 percent of the popular vote), the CPPA considered the creation of a third party, but the proposal split the organization, which dissolved in February 1925.

4. The CPPA Cleveland convention met July 4-5, 1924.

5. Charles Wayland Bryan (1867-1945), the Democratic nominee for vice-president in 1924, was mayor of Lincoln, Nebr., from 1915 to 1917 and 1935 to 1937 and governor of Nebraska from 1923 to 1925 and 1931 to 1935. In 1901 he was a founder, with his brother William Jennings Bryan, of The Commoner, a weekly, and he served as publisher and as an editor of the paper until it ceased publication in 1923.

6. The CPPA Cleveland convention directed the organization's national committee to take up "the task of securing the nomination and election of United States Senators, Representatives to Congress, members of State Legislatures and other State and local public officers who are pledged to the interests of the producing classes and to the principles of genuine Democracy in agriculture, industry and government" and "organize State and local campaign committees to conduct the campaign within their respective territories under the supervision and direction of the National Committee" ("La Follette Named as Head of Ticket by the Progressives," July 6, 1924, New York Times). In the end, however, the CPPA did not nominate supporting tickets at the state level and chose instead to focus its energies on supporting its national ticket.

7. A reference to the Democratic vice-presidential candidacy of George Berry, president of the International Printing Pressmen's and Assistants' Union of North America. Berry declared his candidacy on Feb. 29, 1924, and opened his campaign headquarters at the Waldorf-Astoria in New York City on Mar. 31. He enjoyed considerable support from labor, and on July 9, shortly after the Democrats nominated John Davis for president, a delegation headed by Frank Morrison visited Davis to ask him to consider Berry as his running mate. Davis put them off, saying he did not wish to interfere in the matter, but he and other party leaders subsequently chose Bryan and the Democratic convention nominated him early on the morning of July 10.

8. The CPPA national committee nominated Burton Kendall Wheeler (1882-1975), Democratic senator from Montana (1923-47), as its candidate for vice-president.

9. Matthew Woll (1880-1956), president of the International Photo-Engravers' Union of North America (1906-1929), was a vice-president of the AFL (1919-55).

10. The CPPA conference originally planned for January 1925 was held instead on Feb. 21, 1925, and the organization broke apart on the issue of creating a third party. After the CPPA dissolved, a number of its former delegates reconvened on the evening of Feb. 21 and met again on Feb. 22--without the representatives of the labor organizations that had been affiliated--to discuss preliminary steps toward the creation of a third party.

11. The 1924 AFL convention in El Paso, Tex., adopted a resolution endorsing the Federation's non-partisan political policy and rejected two resolutions calling for the creation of a third party.