1. Mary Harris "Mother" Jones (1830-1930) was an outspoken advocate in behalf of miners and other workers.

2. Frank Hayes (1882-1948) served as vice-president (1910-17) and president (1917-20) of the United Mine Workers of America.

3. At the time of the United Mine Workers' strike, John Davison Rockefeller, Jr. (1874-1960), was director and a major stockholder of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Co.

4. President Woodrow Wilson submitted a proposal for ending the Colorado coal strike to the United Mine Workers and the coal companies on Sept. 5, 1914. The union voted to accept the plan, but Rockefeller and the mine operators rebuffed the president.

5. A reference to the family of Quincy A. Shaw, Jr. Shaw's father was a founder of the Calumet and Hecla Mining Co., and Shaw himself was president of the firm at the time of the 1913-14 Calumet, Mich., copper miners' strike.

6. Mother Jones made at least three attempts in early 1914 to visit striking Colorado miners. On Jan. 4 she was stopped at Trinidad, Colo., and within a few hours deported to Denver. Returning to Trinidad on Jan. 12, she was arrested and held incommunicado until Mar. 15, when she was again deported to Denver. She was stopped a third time, en route to Trinidad, on the morning of Mar. 23, and was held for twenty-six days in a cell in the basement of the jail at Walsenburg, Colo.

7. John Chase, a Denver physician, was adjutant general of the Colorado national guard during the 1913-14 Colorado miners' strike.

8. Francisco "Pancho" Villa (1878-1923), a Mexican bandit and revolutionary leader, fought with Francisco Madero to overthrow Porfirio Díaz and with Venustiano Carranza against Victoriano Huerta. Along with Emiliano Zapata he broke with Carranza in late 1914, but he was defeated and driven into northern Mexico in 1915. He precipitated American intervention in Mexico--the Punitive Expedition under the command of Brig. Gen. John Pershing--with his raid into New Mexico in March 1916 but evaded the American forces, which withdrew in early 1917.